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Network Working Group Brian Bidulock
INTERNET-DRAFT OpenSS7 Corporation
Expires in six months January 2, 2003
Registration Extensions (REGEXT)
for
Signalling User Adaptation Layers
<draft-bidulock-sigtran-regext-01.txt>
Status of this Memo
This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
all provisions of Section 10 or RFC 2026. Internet-Drafts are working
documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas,
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Abstract
This memo describes Registration Extensions (REGEXT) that provides
the ability for an Application Server Process (ASP) to modify existing
Routing (Link) Keys with a Signalling Gateway (SG).
Current procedures in the SS7 Signalling User Adaptation Layers
(UAs) [M2UA..TUA] do not provide for the modification of Routing
(Link) Keys without deactivation of the Application Server (AS). This
causes problems in making changes to live systems.
The extensions described in this memo permit modification of
Signalling Link membership in Application Servers for SS7 MTP2-User
Adaptation Layer [M2UA], modification of Circuit Identification Code
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(CIC) ranges for the SS7 MTP3-User Adaptation Layer [M3UA],
modification of Circuit Identification Code (CIC) rnages for the SS7
ISUP-User Adaptation Layer [ISUA], modificiation of Destination Local
Reference (DLR) ranges for SS7 SCCP-User Adaptation Layer [SUA], and
modification of Transaction Identifier (TID) ranges for SS7 TCAP-User
Adaptation Layer [TUA].
1. Introduction
1.1. Scope
This Internet-Draft provides parameters and procedures in extension
to the parameters and procedures of the SS7 Signalling User Adaptation
Layers (UAs) [M2UA..TUA], for the purpose of supporting changed to
Routing (Link) Keys to be made in live systems.
UA implementations with REGEXT are intended to be compatible with
UA implementations not supporting this extension.
1.2. Change History
Changes from Version 0.0 to Version 1.0:
- added this section,
- updated references,
- addition of Source Reference Number, Destination Reference Number
and Reference Number Range to SUA [SUA] Routing Key.
- update author's address.
1.3. Terminology
REGEXT adds the following terms to the terminology presented in the
UA documents:
Registration Extension (REGEXT) - The parameters and procedures
described by this memo.
Signalling Peer Process (SPP) - refers to an ASP, SGP or IPSP.
Signalling User Adaptation Layer (UA) - one or more of the Stream
Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) [RFC 2960] SS7 Signalling User
Adaptation Layers [M2UA..TUA] supporting Registration.
1.4. Overview
Existing registration mangement procedures do not provide for the
alteration of Routing (Link) Keys on live systems. This can lead to
significant operational difficulties in large scale deployments. This
memo provides extension procedures that permit this modification.
1.4.1. Limitations of Existing Registration Management
Each of the SS7 UAs [M2UA..TUA] provides procedures for
registration and deregistration of Routing (Link) Keys. None of these
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procedures currently provides for alteration of Routing (Link) Keys
for a Application Server (AS) in the active state.
1.4.1.1. Limitations of Registration for M2UA
In SS7 MTP2-User Adaptation Layer [M2UA] registration of a Link Key
associates a signalling link with an Interface Identifier (IID).
However, registration does not provide a mechanism for associating
groups of Interface Identifiers together into Application Servers
(AS), nor does it provide a mechanism for altering the membership of
signalling links associated with an Application Server.
1.4.1.2. Limitations of Registration for M3UA
The SS7 MTP3-User Adaptation Layer [M3UA] registration of a Routing
Key associates a range of tranfic with an Application Server through a
Routing Context. However, it does not provide procedures for changing
the range of traffic associated with an Application Server and Routing
Context without deactivating the Application Server and deregistering
the Routing Key. This can cause difficulties when M3UA is used in
support of ISUP MTP3-Users where normal circuit management expects to
add and remove specific circuits or ranges of circuits (circuit
groups) to and from Application Servers.[1]
1.4.1.3. Limitations of Regsitration for ISUA
The SS7 ISUP-User Adapatation Layer [ISUA] registration of a
Routing Key associates a range of traffic with an Application Server
through a Routing Context. However, it does not provide procedures
for changing the range of traffic associated with an Application
Server and Routing Context without deactivating the Application Server
and deregistering the Routing Key. This can cause difficulties where
normal circuit management expects to add and remove specific circuits
or ranges of circuits (circuit groups) to and from Application
Servers.[2]
1.4.1.4. Limitations of Registration for SUA
The SS7 SCCP-User Adaptation Layer [SUA] registration of a Routing
Key associates a range of traffic with an Application Server through a
Routing Context and the Address Mapping Fucntion. However, it does
not provide procedures for changing the range of traffic associated
with an Application Server and Routing Context without deactivating
the Application Server and deregistering the Routing Key. This can
cause difficulties when SUA is used in the connection-oriented
environment and the ASP wishes to dynamically assign connections to
Application Servers.[2]
1.4.1.5. Limitations of Registration for TUA
The SS7 TCAP-User Adapatation Layer [TUA] registration of a Routing
Key associates a range of traffic wtih an Application Server through a
Routing Context and the Transaction Mapping Function. However, it
does not provide procedures for changing the range of traffic
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associated with an Application Server and Routing Context without
deactivating the Application Server and deregistering the Routing Key.
This can cause difficulties when TUA is used in operation class 1, 2
and 3 (dialogues) and the ASP wishes to dynamically assign dialogues
to Application Servers.
1.4.2. Registration Extension
This memo provides extensions for the UA registration and
dregistration procedures which addresses these limitations in the
existing prcoedures. REGEXT provides support for altering an existing
Routing (Link) Key for an active Application Server.
1.4.2.1. Registration Extensions for M2UA
The purpose of REGEXT for M2UA [M2UA] is to support the Dynamic
Allocation of Signalling Data Links and Signalling Terminals [Q.704],
and, in particular, the ability to associate a new Signalling Link as
specified by the combination of Signalling Data Link Identifier (SDLI)
and Signalling Data Terminal Identifier (SDTI), with an existing
Application Server. This permits MTP Level 3 to perform the Level 1
Connect and Level 1 Disconnect primitives, as well as associating a
new Signalling Terminal with an existing Signalling Data Link for the
Dynamic Allocation of Signalling Terminals.
SG ASP
_________________ ___________
| ______ | | _______ |
SDL0 | | | | IID0 | | | |
_______|_ _ _ __| SDT0 |_|________________|_| AS0 | |
| ( / |______| | | |_______| |
| / ______ | | _______ |
SDL1 | / | | | IID1 | | | |
_______|__/ | SDT1 | | _________|_| AS1 | |
| |______| | / | |_______| |
| ______ | / |___________|
SDL2 | | | | /
_______|________| SDT2 |_|___/
| |______| |
| ______ |
SDL3 | | | |
_______| | SDT3 | |
| |______| |
|_________________|
Figure 1. Example (A) - M2UA Configuration
For example, an ASP is ASP-ACTIVE for a given Application Server
and signalling data link and terminal wishes to replace the Signalling
Data Link associated with a Signalling Link (under MTP Level 3 [Q.704]
control). The ASP wishes to replace the Signalling Data Link (SDL1)
with the Signalling Data Link (SDL0) for the Signalling Link
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represented by AS0/IID0 as illustrated in Figure 1.
REGEXT permits the ASP to perform this switch using the REG REQ
message with the Interface Identifier IID0 placed in the message along
with the Link Key SDT0/SDL0. Examples are provided in Section 6.
1.4.2.2. Registration Extensions for M3UA
The purpose of REGEXT for M3UA [M3UA] is to support the
modification of traffic to and from an active Application Server for
operations, maintenance, administration and provisioning. In
particular this allows an MTP-User Part (SI value), Signalling Point
Code or perhaps a Circuit Identification Code (CIC) range to be added
or removed from an existing Routing Key associated with an active
Application Server.
STP MGC
___ ____ _____
/ \ signalling | /| assoc. | |
| SP1 |-------/-----/---/--| SG |---------| ASP |
\___/\\ / / / |/___| |_____|
___ \\===/=====/===/=====================//
/ \_____/ / / circuits //
| SP2 | / / //
\___/\\ / / //
___ \\=====/===/=====================//
/ \_______/ / circuits //
| SP3 | / //
\___/\\ / //
___ \\=====/=====================//
/ \_______/ circuits //
| SP4 | //
\___/\\ //
\\+++++++++++++++++++++++//
circuits
Figure 2. Example (B) - M3UA Configuration
For example, an ISUP Application Server wishes to add new trunk
group(s) to a new Signalling Point Code (i.e. MGC). The AS is
currently registered against a Routing Key which includes several
remote point codes, but does not include the remote point code of the
switch to which the trunk group(s) are to be added (as illustrated in
Figure 2).
REGEXT permits the Application Server to provision the new trunk
group(s) by adding the new remote point code to the Routing Key with
the REG REQ message.
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1.4.2.3. Registration Extensions for ISUA
The purpose of REGEXT for ISUA [ISUA] is to support the
modification of traffic to and from an active Application Server for
operations, maintenance, administration and provisioning. In
particular this allows perhaps a Circuit Identification Code (CIC)
range to be added or removed from an existing Routing Key associated
with an active Application Server.
STP MGC
___ ____ _____
/ \ signalling | /| assoc. | |
| SP1 |-------/-----/---/--| SG |---------| ASP |
\___/\\ / / / |/___| |_____|
___ \\===/=====/===/=====================//
/ \_____/ / / circuits //
| SP2 | / / //
\___/\\ / / //
___ \\=====/===/=====================//
/ \_______/ / circuits //
| SP3 | / //
\___/\\ / //
___ \\=====/=====================//
/ \_______/ circuits //
| SP4 | //
\___/\\ //
\\+++++++++++++++++++++++//
circuits
Figure 3. Example (C) - ISUA Configuration
For example, an ISUP Application Server wishes to add new trunk
group(s) to a new Signalling Point Code (i.e. MGC). The AS is
currently registered against a Routing Key which includes several
remote point codes, but does not include the remote point code of the
switch to which the trunk group(s) are to be added (as illustrated in
Figure 3).
REGEXT permits the Application Server to provision the new trunk
group(s) by adding the new remote point code to the Routing Key with
the REG REQ message.
1.4.2.4. Registration Extensions for SUA
The purpose of REGEXT for SUA [SUA] is to associate a newly formed
connection with an Application Server that is responsible for the
connection. Almost all connection-oriented interface models (STREAMS,
Sockets) rely on the concept of a listening stream or socket and an
independent accepting stream or socket. REGEXT permits an accepted
connection to be established on an Application Server which is
independent from the Application Server upon which the connection
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request was received.
SG ASP
_________ _________
| | | |
_________|___ | | _____ |
_________|___| RK2 | RC2 | | | |
_________|___|_____|_______|_| AS2 | |
_________|___| | | | | |
_________|___| | | |_____| |
_________|___ | | _____ |
_________|___| RK1 | RC1 | | | |
_________|___|_____|_______|_| AS1 | |
_________|___| | | | | |
_________|___| | | |_____| |
| | | _____ |
connections RK0 | RC0 | | | |
_________|_________|_______|_| AS0 | |
| | | | | |
| | | |_____| |
| | | |
|_________| |_________|
Figure 4. Example (D) - SUA Configuration
For example, as illustrated in Figure 4, one Application Server
(AS0) is configured with a Routing Key which does not contain
Destination Reference Number for SSN=5. Another Application Server
(AS1) processes some connections for SSN=5 and AS2 processes other
connections. When a CORE is received by AS0, and before sending a
COAK, the ASP would like to assign the connection to one of AS1 or AS2
for further communication associated with the newly arrived
connection.
REGEXT permits AS0 to modify Routing Key RK1 by sending a REG REQ
message that includes Routing Context RC1 and the additional
Destination Reference Number that is assigned to the connection,
permitting the SCCP implementation to follow the Network Provider
Interface [NPI].
REGEXT also permits AS0 to modify the Routing Key on another
Signalling Gateway with the complete fail-over support of the
Application Server, avoiding many of the problems associated with DRN
Label approach.
1.4.2.5. Registration Extensions for TUA
The purpose of REGEXT for TUA [TUA] is to associate a newly formed
dialogue or transaction with an Application Server that is responsible
for the dialogue or transaction. Almost all connection-oriented
interface models (STREAMS, Sockets) rely on the concept of a listening
stream or socket and an independent accepting stream or socket.
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REGEXT permits an accepted dialogue or transaction to be established
on an Application Server which is independent from the Application
Server upon which the dialogue or transaction initiation was received.
SG ASP
_________ _________
| | | |
_________|___ | | _____ |
_________|___| RK2 | RC2 | | | |
_________|___|_____|_______|_| AS2 | |
_________|___| | | | | |
_________|___| | | |_____| |
_________|___ | | _____ |
_________|___| RK1 | RC1 | | | |
_________|___|_____|_______|_| AS1 | |
_________|___| | | | | |
_________|___| | | |_____| |
| | | _____ |
dialogues RK0 | RC0 | | | |
_________|_________|_______|_| AS0 | |
| | | | | |
| | | |_____| |
| | | |
|_________| |_________|
Figure 5. Example (E) - TUA Configuration
For example, as illustrated in Figure 5, one Application Server
(AS0) is configured with a Routing Key which does not contain
Terminating Transaction Id for a given Application Context. Another
Application Server (AS1) processes some dialogues and transactions for
the Application Context, and AS2 processes other dialogues and
transactions. When a TBEG is received by AS0, and before sending a
TCON, the ASP would list to assign the transaction to one of AS1 or
AS2 for further communication associated with the newly arrived
transaction.
REGEXT permits AS0 to modify the Routing Key RK1 by sending a REG
REQ message that includes Routing Context RC1 and the additional
Terminating Transaction Id that is assigned to the transaction,
permitting the TCAP implemetnation to follow the Transport Provider
Interface [TPI, XNS].
REGEXT also permits AS0 to modify the Routing Key on another
Signalling Gateway with the complete fail-over support of the
Application Server, permitting SGs to be configured as STP pairs in
the SS7 network.
1.5. Limitations
Although the methods for dynamic modification of Routing Keys and
Load Selections presented in this document is consistent with that
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previously discussed on the SIGTRAN WG, it has a number of
limitations. To change a Routing Key or Load Selections requires that
the entire new key or selection be included in the REG REQ message.
This may be especially inconvinent if the resulting Routing Key or
Load Selection contains thousands of elements (as it might for CIC
Ranges on large MGC).
A method more ammeniable to this situation would be to use the REG
REQ message to "add" elements to the Routing Key or Load Selection and
use the DEREG REQ to "delete" elements from the Routing Key or Load
Selection.
A third approach would be to define two new messages, such as:
Registration Add (REG ADD) and Registration Delete (REG DEL), but
share the REG RSP message. This last approach would probably be more
convenient.
2. Conventions
The keywords MUST, MUST NOT, REQUIRED, SHALL, SHALL NOT, SHOULD,
SHOULD NOT, RECOMMENDED, NOT RECOMMENDED, MAY, and OPTIONAL, when they
appear in this document, are to be interpreted as described in [RFC
2119].
3. Protocol Elements
The following subsections describe the parameters which are added
or whose use is modified by this extension, their format and the
messages in which they are used.
3.1. Parameters
This memo permits the use of the Routing Context (Interface
Identifier) parameter within a Routing (Link) Key parameter. It also
allows the use of the Routing (Link) Key parameter within a DEREG REQ
message. This memo also defines a new Reference Number Range
parameter for use in the SUA [SUA] Routing Key. In addition, this
memo permits the use of the Source Reference Number, Destination
Reference Number and Reference Number Range parameters in the SUA
[SUA] Routing Key.
3.1.1. Routing Key Parameters
3.1.1.1. SUA Reference Number Range
REGEXT defines a new SUA [SUA] Reference Number Range parameter for
use in the Routing Key in the REG REQ message. This parameter is used
to associate a range of source or destination reference numbers with
an Application Server.
The Reference Number Range parameter is formatted as follows: [3]
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0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0119 | Length |
+- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -+- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -+
\ \
/ Reference Number Parameter(s) /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
The Reference Number Range parameter can contain the following fields:
Reference Number field: variable (TLV parameters)
The Reference Numbe field can contain the following parameters:
Parameters
------------------------------------------------
Source Reference Number Conditional *1
Destination Reference Number Conditional *1
Note 1: The Reference Number field must contain pairs of Source
Reference Numbers or Destination Reference Numbers and MUST
contain one and only one pair of addresses; but, MUST NOT
mix Srouce Reference Numbers with Destination Reference
Numbers in the same Reference Number field.
3.1.2. Routing (Link) Key
REGEXT extends the Link Key parameter of M2UA [M2UA] and the
Routing Key parameters of M3UA, SUA, and TUA [M3UA..TUA].
3.1.2.1. M2UA Link Key
The M2UA [M2UA] Link Key parameter is formatted as follows:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0309 | Length |
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Local-LK-Identifier |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
\ \
/ Key parameter(s) /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
REGEXT extends the M2UA Link Key parameter by adding the following
parameters to the Link Key:
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Extension Sub-Parameters
------------------------------------------
Interface Identifier Optional *1
Note 1: The Interface Identifier parameter is optional in the Link
Key. This parameter identifies an existing Application Server
for which the Link Key is to be altered. The format of the
Interface Identifier consists of a single integer Interface
Identifier or a single text Interface Identifier.
3.1.2.2. M3UA Routing Key
The M3UA [M3UA] Routing Key parameter is formatted as follows:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0207 | Length |
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Local-RK-Identifier |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
\ \
/ Key parameter(s) /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
The Routing Key parameter is used in the REG REQ and DEREG REQ
messages. It is used to identify the portion of traffic for which an
ASP is registering or deregistering.
REGEXT extends the M3UA [M3UA] Routing Key parameter by allowing
the following parameters to be used as optional sub-parameters within
the Routing Key:
Extension Sub-Parameters
------------------------------------------
Routing Conext Optional *1
Note 1: The Routing Context parameter is optional in the Routing Key.
This parameter identifies an existing Application Server for
which the Routing Key is to be altered. The format of the
Routing Context consists of a single Routing Context value.
3.1.2.3. ISUA Routing Key
The ISUA [ISUA] Routing Key parameter is formatted as follows:
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0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0522 | Length |
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Local Routing Key Identifier |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
\ \
/ Key parameter(s) /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
REGEXT extends the ISUA Routing Key [ISUA] by adding the following
optional Key parameters to the Routing Key.
Extension Sub-Parameters
------------------------------------------
Routing Context Optional *1
Note 1: The Routing Context parameter is included in the Routing Key
when the ASP wishes to alter an existing Routing Key which
corresponds to the indicated Routing Context. The Routing
Context parameter MUST only occur once in the Key parameters.
3.1.2.4. SUA Routing Key
The SUA [SUA] Routing Key parameter is formatted as follows:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x010E | Length |
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Local Routing Key Identifier |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
\ \
/ Key parameter(s) /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
REGEXT extends the SUA Routing Key [SUA] by adding the following
optional Key parameters to the Routing Key.
Extension Sub-Parameters
------------------------------------------
Routing Context Optional *1
Reference Number Range Optional *2
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Note 1: The Routing Context parameter is included in the Routing Key
when the ASP wishes to alter an existing Routing Key which
corresponds to the indicated Routing Context. The Routing
Context parameter MUST only occur once in the Key parameters.
Note 2: The Reference Number Range parameter is included in the
Routing Key when the ASP wishes to accept or restrict
connection oriented traffic within a Destination Local
Reference (DLR) range for the Application Server being
registered. The Reference Number Range parameter SHOULD only
occur once in the Key parameters.
3.1.2.5. TUA Routing Key
The TUA [TUA] Routing Key parameter is formatted as follows:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x041E | Length |
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Local Routing Key Identifier |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
\ \
/ Key parameter(s) /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
REGEXT extends the TUA Routing Key [TUA] by adding the following
optional Key parameters to the Routing Key.
Extension Sub-Parameters
------------------------------------------
Routing Context Optional *1
Note 1: The Routing Context parameter is included in the Routing Key
when the ASP wishes to alter an existing Routing Key which
corresponds to the indicated Routing Context. The Routing
Context parameter MUST only occur once in the Key parameters.
3.1.3. Load Selection
3.1.3.1. M2UA Load Selection
The M2UA [M2UA] Load Selection parameter [LOADSEL] is formatted as
follows:
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0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0019 | Length |
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
\ \
/ Load Key parameter(s) /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
REGEXT extends the M2UA Load Selection [LOADSEL] parameter by
adding the following optional Load Key paramters to the Load
Selection.
Extension Sub-Parameters
------------------------------------------
Load Selector Optional *1
Note 1: The Load Selector parameter is included in the Load Selection
when the ASP wishes to alter an existing Load Selection which
corresponds to the indicated Load Selector. The Load Selector
parameter MUST only occur once in the Load Selection
parameter.
3.1.3.2. M3UA Load Selection
The M3UA [M3UA] Load Selection parameter [LOADSEL] is formatted as
follows:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0019 | Length |
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
\ \
/ Load Key parameter(s) /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
REGEXT extends the M3UA Load Selection [LOADSEL] parameter by
adding the following optional Load Key paramters to the Load
Selection.
Extension Sub-Parameters
------------------------------------------
Load Selector Optional *1
Note 1: The Load Selector parameter is included in the Load Selection
when the ASP wishes to alter an existing Load Selection which
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corresponds to the indicated Load Selector. The Load Selector
parameter MUST only occur once in the Load Selection
parameter.
3.1.3.3. ISUA Load Selection
The ISUA [ISUA] Load Selection parameter [LOADSEL] is formatted as
follows:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0019 | Length |
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
\ \
/ Load Key parameter(s) /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
REGEXT extends the ISUA Load Selection [LOADSEL] parameter by
adding the following optional Load Key paramters to the Load
Selection.
Extension Sub-Parameters
------------------------------------------
Load Selector Optional *1
Note 1: The Load Selector parameter is included in the Load Selection
when the ASP wishes to alter an existing Load Selection which
corresponds to the indicated Load Selector. The Load Selector
parameter MUST only occur once in the Load Selection
parameter.
3.1.3.4. SUA Load Selection
The SUA [SUA] Load Selection parameter [LOADSEL] is formatted as
follows:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0019 | Length |
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
\ \
/ Load Key parameter(s) /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
REGEXT extends the SUA Load Selection [LOADSEL] parameter by adding
the following optional Load Key paramters to the Load Selection.
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Extension Sub-Parameters
------------------------------------------
Load Selector Optional *1
Note 1: The Load Selector parameter is included in the Load Selection
when the ASP wishes to alter an existing Load Selection which
corresponds to the indicated Load Selector. The Load Selector
parameter MUST only occur once in the Load Selection
parameter.
3.1.3.5. TUA Load Selection
The TUA [TUA] Load Selection parameter [LOADSEL] is formatted as
follows:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0019 | Length |
+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
\ \
/ Load Key parameter(s) /
\ \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
REGEXT extends the TUA Load Selection [LOADSEL] parameter by adding
the following optional Load Key paramters to the Load Selection.
Extension Sub-Parameters
------------------------------------------
Load Selector Optional *1
Note 1: The Load Selector parameter is included in the Load Selection
when the ASP wishes to alter an existing Load Selection which
corresponds to the indicated Load Selector. The Load Selector
parameter MUST only occur once in the Load Selection
parameter.
3.1.4. Error Codes
3.1.4.1. SUA Error Codes
REGEXT extends the Common mandatory Error Code parameter by
removing the following Error Code values:
Value Description
-----------------------------------
0x17 Routing Key Change Refused
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In addition, REGEXT removes the following text associated with the
"Routing Key Change Refused" error code:
The "Routing Key Change Refused" error is sent when the SG
refuses a change in the Routing Key parameters. [SUA]
3.1.5. Registration Status
REGEXT extends the Registration Status parameter by adding the
following values to the Common and UA-specific mandatory Registration
Status parameter[4] in the REG RSP message:
Value Description
----------------------------------------------
11 Error - Routing Key Change Refused
17 Error - Load Selection Change Refused
3.1.5.1. Common Registration Status
The Common [ISUA..TUA] Registration Status parameter is formatted as
follows:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0016 | Length |
+ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +
| Registration Status |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
REGEXT extends the Common Registration Status parameter for ISUA
[ISUA], SUA [SUA] and TUA [TUA] by adding the following values to the
status field:
Value Description
----------------------------------------------
11 Error - Routing Key Change Refused
17 Error - Load Selection Change Refused
The "Error - Routing Key Change Refused" status is returned when
the ASP has included an Routing Context in the Routing Key and the SGP
is either unequipped to perform dynamic modification of the Routing
Key, or dynamic modification of the Routing Key is not currently
permitted.
The "Error - Load Selection Change Refused" status is returned when
the ASP has included a Load Selector in the Load Selection and the SGP
is either unequipped to perform dynamic modification of the Load
Selection, or dynamic modification of the Load Seletion is not
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currently permitted.
3.1.5.2. M2UA Registration Status
The M2UA [M2UA] Registration Status parameter is formatted as follows:
[5]
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x030E | Length |
+ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +
| Registration Status |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
REGEXT extends the M2UA [M2UA] Registration Status parameter by
adding the following values to the status field: [6]
Value Description
----------------------------------------------
11 Error - Link Key Change Refused
17 Error - Load Selection Change Refused
The "Error - Link Key Change Refused" status is returned by and SGP
when the ASP has included an Interface Identifier in the Link Key and
the SGP is either unequipped to perfor dynamic modification of the
Link Key, or dynamic modification of the Link Key is not currently
permitted.
The "Error - Load Selection Change Refused" status is returned when
the ASP has included a Load Selector in the Load Selection and the SGP
is either unequipped to perform dynamic modification of the Load
Selection, or dynamic modification of the Load Seletion is not
currently permitted.
3.1.5.3. M3UA Registration Status
The M3UA [M3UA] Registration Status parameter is formatted as follows:
[7]
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Tag = 0x0212 | Length |
+ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +
| Registration Status |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
REGEXT extends the M3UA [M3UA] Registration Status parameter by
adding the following values to the status field:
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Value Description
----------------------------------------------
11 Error - Routing Key Change Refused
17 Error - Load Selection Change Refused
The "Error - Routing Key Change Refused" status is returned when
the ASP has included an Routing Context in the Routing Key and the SGP
is either unequipped to perform dynamic modification of the Routing
Key, or dynamic modification of the Routing Key is not currently
permitted.
The "Error - Load Selection Change Refused" status is returned when
the ASP has included a Load Selector in the Load Selection and the SGP
is either unequipped to perform dynamic modification of the Load
Selection, or dynamic modification of the Load Seletion is not
currently permitted.
3.2. Messages
REGEXT extends the REG REQ and REG RSP messages.
3.2.1. Registration Request (REG REQ)
REGEXT extends the Registration Request (REG REQ) message by
extending the Routing Key (Link Key) parameter and permitting the
Routing Context (Interface Identifier) to be included in the REG REQ
message.
REGEXT also extens the REG REQ message by extending the Load
Selection parameter [LOADSEL] and permitting the Load Selector to be
included in the REG REQ message.
3.2.2. Registration Response (REG RSP)
REGEXT extends the Registration Response (REG RSP) message by
adding the following values to the mandatory Registration Status
parameter in the mandatory Registration Result parameter in the REG
RSP message: [8]
Value Description
--------------------------------------------------
11 Error - Routing (Link) Key Change Refused
17 Error - Load Selection Change Refused
The new Registration Status values are interpreted as follows:
"Error - Routing (Link) Key Change Refused" This Registration Status
is returned in a REG RSP message by the SGP when it is either
unequipped to perform Routing (Link) Key modifications described in
this memo, or is otherwise unable to modify the the Routing (Link)
Key as requested by the ASP.
B. Bidulock Version 0.1 Page 19
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"Error - Load Selection Change Refused" This Registration Status is
returned in a REG RSP message by the SGP when it is either
unequipped to perform Load Selection modifications described in
this memo, or is otherwise unable to modify the the Load Selection
as requested by the ASP.
4. Procedures
4.1. Registration
In extension to the registration procedures of M2UA [M2UA], REGEXT
provides the following registration procedures:
4.1.1. Common Registration Procedures
In extension to the registration procedures of Common [M3UA..TUA],
REGEXT provides the following registration procedures:
An ASP MAY modify an existing Routing Key by including the Routing
Context in the REG REQ. If the SGP determines that the Routing
Context applies to an existing Routing Key, the SG MAY adjust the
existing Routing Key to match the new information provided in the
Routing Key parameter. A REG RSP with Registration Status "Error -
Routing Key Change Refused" is returned if the SGP does not accept the
modification of the Routing Key. [9]
An ASP MAY modify an existing Load Selection by including the Load
Selector in the REG REQ. If the SGP supports load selection
extensions [LOADSEL] and determines that the Load Selector applies to
an existing Load Selection, the SGP MAY adjust the existing Load
Selection to match the new information provided in the Load Selection
parameter. A REG RSP with Registration Status "Error - Load
Selection Change Refused" is returned if the SGP does not accept the
modification of the Load Selection.
4.1.2. M2UA Registration Procedures
In extension to the registration procedures of M2UA [M2UA], REGEXT
provides the following registration procedures:
An ASP MAY modify an existing Link Key by including the Interface
Identifier in the REG REQ. If the SGP determines that the Interface
Identifier applies to an existing Link Key, the SG MAY adjust the
existing Link Key to match the new information provided in the Link
Key parameter. A REG RSP with Registration Status "Error - Link Key
Change Refused" is returned if the SGP does not accept the
modification of the Link Key.
An ASP MAY modify an existing Load Selection by including the Load
Selector in the REG REQ. If the SGP supports load selection
extensions [LOADSEL] and determines that the Load Selector applies to
an existing Load Selection, the SGP MAY adjust the existing Load
Selection to match the new information provided in the Load Selection
parameter. A REG RSP with Registration Status "Error - Load
B. Bidulock Version 0.1 Page 20
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Selection Change Refused" is returned if the SGP does not accept the
modification of the Load Selection.
5. Interworking
REGEXT also provides procedures for an SGP or ASP not supporting
REGEXT to interwork with an ASP or SGP supporting REGEXT.
5.1. Registration Interworking
An ASP that determines than an SG is unequipped to perform REGEXT
SHOULD NOT send any subsequent REG REQ messages containing a Routing
Context (or Interface Identifier) to that SG.
An SG or ASP supporting ASPEXT [ASPEXT] will identify its ability
or inability to support REGEXT using the ASP Extensions procedure
[ASPEXT].
If an SG does not support dynamic registration, it also does not
support REGEXT.
If an SG not supporting REGEXT receives a Routing Context
(Interface Identifier in the REG REQ message, it could respond with an
existing non-zero Registration Status or an ERR message. If the ASP
receives a REG RSP message containing a non-zero Registration Status,
or receives an ERR message with an appropriate Error Code correlating
to the REG REQ message and an indication that the Routing Context
(Interface Identifier) parameter was considered invalid, from an SG
not supporting ASP Extensions [ASPEXT], then the ASP SHOULD mark the
SG as unequipped to perform REGEXT and not place any Routing Context
(Interface Identifier) in any further messages to that SG, or attempt
any of the extension procedures defined in this memo.
5.1.1. Registration Status REGEXT Unsupported
Examples of possible Registration Status errors returned in a REG
RSP message when the peer does not support REGEXT are as follows:
Value Description
------------------------------------------------------
4 Error - Invalid Routing Key
------------------------------------------------------
6 Error - Cannot Support Unique Routing
Error - Overlapping (Non-unique) Link Key
------------------------------------------------------
7 Error - Routing Key not Currently Provisioned
Error - Link Key not Provisioned
------------------------------------------------------
9 Error - Unsupported RK parameter field
------------------------------------------------------
11 Error - Routing Key Change Refused
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Internet Draft UA REGEXT January 2, 2003
Error - Link Key Change Refused
------------------------------------------------------
5.1.2. Error Codes REGEXT Unsupported
Examples of possible Error Codes returned in a ERR message when the
peer does not support REGEXT are as follows:
Value Description
-----------------------------------------------
0x02 Invalid Interface Identifier
0x03 Unsupported Message Class
0x04 Unsupported Message Type
0x10 ASP Active for Interface Identifier(s)
0x11 Invalid Paramater Value
0x12 Parameter Field Error
0x13 Unexpected Parameter
0x19 Invalid Routing Context
-----------------------------------------------
6. Examples
7. Security
REGEXT provides adds some secuirty risks to M2UA [M2UA], M3UA
[M3UA], ISUA [ISUA], SUA [SUA] and TUA [TUA].
If the Signalling Gateway (SG) does cannot properly authenticate
the peer, the peer might gain priviledges to alter a Routing (Link)
Key to which the peer should not have permission, or alter a Load
Selection to which the peer should not have permission.
However, if the peer can imitate an ASP and gain access with the
priviledges of an ASP, use of the Routing Context (Interface
Identifier) parameter in the ASPTM message can always be used to
perform denial of service on traffic destined for legitimate
Application Servers. As the REGEXT extensions require the use of the
Routing Context (Interface Identifier) parameter in the REG REQ
message, the same levels of protection afforded the Routing Context
(Interface Identifier) parameter in the REG REQ message as is
experienced in the ASPAC (ACK) message.
8. IANA Considerations
REGEXT adds the following parameter tag value (described in Section
3) to the SUA-Specific Parameter numbering range for SUA [SUA]:
Tag Value Parameter Name
-----------------------------------
B. Bidulock Version 0.1 Page 22
Internet Draft UA REGEXT January 2, 2003
0x0119 Reference Number Range
IANA NOTE:- The Reference Number Range tag values shown
through this document as 0x0119 will be assigned by IANA
within the SUA-specfic parameter range of the SUA [SUA] and
may change its value in further versions of this document.
Notes
[1] EDITOR'S NOTE:- Text was included in the M3UA specification
[M3UA] to permit this operation, however, detailed procedures and
the addition of the Routing Context parameter to the Routing Key,
and addition of the corresponding error code was missed.
[2] EDITOR'S NOTE:- Text was include in the SUA specification [SUA]
to permit this operation, however, detailed procedures and the
addition of the Routing Context parameter to the Routing Key was
missed.
In addition, this mechanism can provide superior support for
multiple SGs acting as STPs, and can replace the DRN Label and
associated mechanism. The TID Label and associated mechanism is
inadequate and should be removed from the SUA specification
[SUA].
[3] IANA NOTE:- The parameter tag values shown as 0x0119 will be
assigned by IANA within the specific parameter range of SUA [SUA]
and may change its value in further versions of this document.
[4] IANA Note:- Note that the Registration Status parameter has tag
value 0x030e for M2UA [M2UA], tag value 0x0212 for M3UA [M3UA]
and (perhaps not suprisingly) tag value 0x0016 for ISUA [ISUA],
SUA [SUA] and TUA [TUA].
[5] IANA NOTE:- The Registration Status value shown as 11 and 17
will be assigned by IANA as a value of the Common Registration
Status parameter for the SIGTRAN UAs and may change its value in
further versions of this document.
[5] EDITOR'S NOTE:- The M2UA [M2UA] Registration Result,
Registration Status, Deregistration Result and Deregistration
Status parameter should be altered from the M2UA-specific tag
values to the Common tag values to be consistent with the other
UAs.
B. Bidulock Version 0.1 Page 23
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[6] IANA NOTE:- The Registration Status value shown as 11 and 17
will be assigned by IANA as a value of the M2UA-specific
Registration Status parameter for M2UA [M2UA] and may change its
value in further versions of this document.
[7] EDITOR'S NOTE:- The M3UA [M3UA] Registration Result,
Registration Status, Deregistration Result and Deregistration
Status parameter should be altered from the M3UA-specific tag
values to the Common tag values to be consistent with the other
UAs.
[8] IANA NOTE:- The Registration Status value shown as 11 and 17
will be assigned by IANA as a value of the M3UA-specific
Registration Status parameter for M3UA [M3UA] and may change its
value in further versions of this document.
[8] IANA NOTE:- The Registration Status values shown as 11 and 17
will be assigned by IANA as a value of the Common Registration
Status parameter for SIGTRAN UAs and may change its value in
further versions of this document.
[9] EDITOR'S NOTE:- ISUA [ISUA], SUA [SUA] and TUA [TUA] already
contains the procedures described in this paragraph. The only
difference provided by REGEXT is that the Registration Status
"Error - Routing Key Change Refused" is actually defined.
References
M2UA.
K. Morneault, R. Dantu, G. Sidebottom, B. Bidulock and J. Heitz,
"Signaling System 7 (SS7) Message Transfer Part 2 (MTP2) - User
Adaptation Layer," RFC 3331, Internet Engineering Task Force -
Signalling Transport Working Group (September, 2002).
[Normative]
M3UA.
G. Sidebottom, K. Morneault and J. Pastor-Balbas, (eds),
"Signaling System 7 (SS7) Message Transfer Part 3 (MTP3) - User
Adaptation Layer (M3UA)," RFC 3332, Internet Engineering Task
Force - Signalling Transport Working Group (September, 2002).
[Normative]
ISUA.
B. Bidulock, "SS7 ISUP-User Adaptation Layer (ISUA)," <draft-
bidulock-sigtran-isua-00.txt>, Internet Engineering Task Force -
Signalling Transport Working Group (January 5, 2003). Work In
Progress. [Informative]
SUA.
J. Loughney, G. Sidebottom, L. Coene, G. Verwimp, J. Keller and
B. Bidulock Version 0.1 Page 24
Internet Draft UA REGEXT January 2, 2003
B. Bidulock, "SS7 SCCP-User Adaptation Layer (SUA)," <draft-ietf-
sigtran-sua-14.txt>, Internet Engineering Task Force - Signalling
Transport Working Group (June 30, 2002). Work In Progress.
[Normative]
TUA.
B. Bidulock, "SS7 TCAP-User Adaptation Layer (TUA)," <draft-
bidulock-sigtran-tua-01.txt>, Internet Engineering Task Force -
Signalling Transport Working Group (January 2, 2003). Work In
Progress. [Informative]
RFC 2960.
R. Stewart, Q. Xie, K. Morneault, C. Sharp, H. J. Schwarzbauer,
T. Taylor, I. Rytina, H. Kalla, L. Zhang and V. Paxson, "Stream
Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)," RFC 2960, The Internet
Society (February 2000). [Normative]
Q.704.
ITU, "Message Transfer Part - Signalling Network Functions and
Messages," ITU-T Recommendation Q.704, ITU-T Telecommunication
Standardization Sector of ITU, Geneva (March 1993).
[Informative]
NPI.
UNIX. International, "Network Provider Interface Specification,"
NPI Revision 2.0.0, UNIX International Publication, Parsippany,
New Jersey (August 17, 1992). [Informative]
TPI.
Open Group, "Transport Provider Interface Specification," TPI
Version 2, Draft 2, Open Group Publication (1999). [Informative]
XNS.
Open Group, "Technical Standard: Network Services (XNS)," XNS
Issue 5.2 Draft 2.0 (ISBN: 1-85912-241-8), Open Group Publication
(1999). [Informative]
RFC 2119.
S. Bradner, "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
Levels," RFC 2119 - BCP 14 (ISBN: 1-85912-241-8), Internet
Engineering Task Force (March 1997). [Normative]
LOADSEL.
B. Bidulock, "Load Selection Extension for Signalling User
Adaptation Layers (LOADSEL)," <draft-bidulock-sigtran-
loadsel-01.txt> (ISBN: 1-85912-241-8), Internet Engineering Task
Force - Signalling Transport Working Group (January 2, 2003).
Work In Progress.
ASPEXT.
B. Bidulock, "Application Server Process (ASP) Extension
Framework," <draft-bidulock-sigtran-aspext-01.txt> (ISBN:
1-85912-241-8), Internet Engineering Task Force - Signalling
Transport Working Group (January 2, 2003). Work In Progress.
B. Bidulock Version 0.1 Page 25
Internet Draft UA REGEXT January 2, 2003
[Informative]
Author's Addresses
Brian Bidulock Phone: +1-780-490-1141
OpenSS7 Corporation Email: [email protected]
1469 Jeffreys Crescent URL: http//www.openss7.org/
Edmonton, AB T6L 6T1
Canada
This Internet draft expires July, 2003.
B. Bidulock Version 0.1 Page 26
Internet Draft UA REGEXT January 2, 2003
List of Illustrations
Figure 1 Example (A) - M2UA Configuration ..................... 4
Figure 2 Example (B) - M3UA Configuration ..................... 5
Figure 3 Example (C) - ISUA Configuration ..................... 6
Figure 4 Example (D) - SUA Configuration ...................... 7
Figure 5 Example (E) - TUA Configuration ...................... 8
Table of Contents
Status of this Memo ........................................... 1
Abstract ...................................................... 1
1 Introduction ................................................ 2
1.1 Scope ..................................................... 2
1.2 Change History ............................................ 2
1.3 Terminology ............................................... 2
1.4 Overview .................................................. 2
1.4.1 Limitations of Existing Registration Management ......... 2
1.4.2 Registration Extension .................................. 4
1.5 Limitations ............................................... 8
2 Conventions ................................................. 9
3 Protocol Elements ........................................... 9
3.1 Parameters ................................................ 9
3.1.1 Routing Key Parameters .................................. 9
3.1.2 Routing (Link) Key ...................................... 10
3.1.3 Load Selection .......................................... 13
3.1.4 Error Codes ............................................. 16
3.1.5 Registration Status ..................................... 17
3.2 Messages .................................................. 19
3.2.1 Registration Request (REG REQ) .......................... 19
3.2.2 Registration Response (REG RSP) ......................... 19
4 Procedures .................................................. 20
4.1 Registration .............................................. 20
4.1.1 Common Registration Procedures .......................... 20
4.1.2 M2UA Registration Procedures ............................ 20
5 Interworking ................................................ 21
5.1 Registration Interworking ................................. 21
5.1.1 Registration Status REGEXT Unsupported .................. 21
5.1.2 Error Codes REGEXT Unsupported .......................... 22
6 Examples .................................................... 22
7 Security .................................................... 22
8 IANA Considerations ......................................... 22
Notes ......................................................... 23
References .................................................... 24
Author's Addresses ............................................ 26
List of Illustrations ......................................... 27
B. Bidulock Version 0.1 Page 27
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Copyright Statement
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This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published and
distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind,
provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
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The limited permission granted above are perpetual and will not be
revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
This document and the information contained herein is provided on
an "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN
WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MECHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
B. Bidulock Version 0.1 Page 28
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